own into Clauses and Subclauses. This structure is illustrated as follows: 3Part 3.5. Section 3.5.2. Subsection 3.5.2.1. Article 3.5.2.1.(2) Sentence 3.5.2.1.(2)(a) Clause 3.5.2.1.(2)(a)(i) Subclause viii National Building Code of Canada 2025 Volume 1 ----------------Page (9) Break---------------- © His Majesty the King in Right of Canada, as represented by the National Research Council of Canada, 2025 © Sa Majesté le Roi du chef du Canada, représenté par le Conseil national de recherches du Canada, 2025 Preface Meaning of the Words “And” and “Or” between the Clauses and Subclauses of a Sentence Multiple Clauses and Subclauses are connected by the word “and” or “or” at the end of the second last Clause or Subclause in the series. Although this connecting word appears only once, it is meant to apply to all the preceding Clauses or Subclauses within that series. For example, in a series of five Clauses—(a) to (e)—in a Sentence, the appearance of the word “and” at the end of Clause (d) means that all Clauses in the Sentence are connected to each other with the word “and.” Similarly, in a series of five Clauses—(a) to (e)—in a Sentence, the appearance of the word “or” at the end of Clause (d) means that all Clauses in the Sentence are connected to each other with the word “or.” A Clause (and its Subclauses, if any) must always be read in conjunction with its introductory text appearing at the beginning of the Sentence, and the connecting words “and” and “or” must be read in the context of the Sentence. The use of the word “and” as a connecting word does not necessarily mean that all Clauses (or Subclauses) are applicable for compliance with the Sentence. Units All values in the NBC are given in metric units. Some of the metric values in the Code have been converted and rounded from imperial values. A conversion table of imperial equivalents for the most common units used in building design and construction is located at the end of the Code. Publications Codes, intent statements and user's guides published by the NRC are available through the NRC Publications Archive at https://nrc-publications.canada.ca. Commercial Reproduction Copyright for the NBC is owned by the NRC. All rights are reserved. Commercial reproduction by any means of the NRC's copyright material is prohibited without the written consent of the NRC. To request permission to reproduce the NBC, please contact: Production and Marketing Manager Codes Canada National Research Council of Canada 1200 Montreal Road Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6 E-mail: Codes@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca Contact Information Canadian Board for Harmonized Construction Codes, c/o CBHCC Secretary 1200 Montreal Road Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6 E-mail: CBHCCSecretary-SecretaireCCHCC@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca National Building Code of Canada 2025 Volume 1 ix ----------------Page (10) Break---------------- © His Majesty the King in Right of Canada, as represented by the National Research Council of Canada, 2025 © Sa Majesté le Roi du chef du Canada, représenté par le Conseil national de recherches du Canada, 2025 x National Building Code of Canada 2025 Volume 1 ----------------Page (11) Break---------------- © His Majesty the King in Right of Canada, as represented by the National Research Council of Canada, 2025 © Sa Majesté le Roi du chef du Canada, représenté par le Conseil national de recherches du Canada, 2025 Relationship of the NBC to Standards Development and Conformity Assessment The development of many provisions in the NBC and the assessment of conformity to those provisions are supported by several of the member organizations of Canada's National Standards System (NSS). The NSS is a network of accredited organizations concerned with standards development, certification, testing and inspection that is established under the auspices of the Standards Council of Canada Act. Activities of the NSS a re coordinated by the Standards Council of Canada (SCC), which accredits standards development organizations, certification bodies, testing and calibration laboratories, and inspection bodies, among others. The SCC is a non-profit federal Crown corporation responsible for the coordination of voluntary standardization in Canada. It also coordinates Canadian participation in voluntary international standardization activities. Standards Many of the standards referenced in the NBC are published by standards development organizati onsaccreditedinCanada.Aspartofthe accreditation requirements, these organizations adhere to the principle of consensus. The standards development organizations also have formal procedures for the balloting and second-level review of standards prepared under thei roversight. For a list of organizations currently accredit ed as standards development organizations in Canada, please visit the Standards Council of Canada's (SCC) website at https://scc-ccn.ca/search/a ccredited-organizations. Some subject areas for which the standards development organizations accredited in Canada have not developed standards are covered in the NBC. In these cases, the Code may refer to standards developed by organizations in o ther countries or by international standard development organizations. These standards are developed using processes that may differ from those used by the standards development organizations accredited in Canada; nevertheless, the standards have been reviewed by the relevant code development committ